This matters more than ever as the European Union goes through a triple transition of green, digital and demographic change. None of the three can be successful without a workforce equipped with strong foundational skills: the green and digital transitions demand new and evolving skills, while an ageing and shrinking workforce leaves less room to compensate for gaps left by weak basic education. Cedefop's European Skills Index (ESI) captures this link directly.

Employability across the European Union rests, in part, on the ESI Skills Development pillar, which measures how effectively Member States lay the groundwork for training and lifelong learning. The Skills Development pillar is divided into two areas: basic education, and training and other education.

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